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    Learning Landscape Ecology [[electronic resource] :] : a Practical Guide to Concepts and Techniques / / ed.: Gergel, Sarah E., Turner, Monica G. - 2nd ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XVIII, 350 p. 64 illus., 25 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Preface --
Acknowledgements --
Advice for Instructors --
Introduction to Remote Sensing --
Historical Aerial Photography for Landscape Analysis --
Citizen Science for Assessing Landscape Change --
Understanding Landscape Metrics --
Scale Detection with Semivariograms and Autocorrelograms (with R option) --
Characterizing Categorical Map Patterns Using Neutral Landscape Models (with QRULE and R) --
What Constitutes a Significant Difference in Landscape Pattern? (using R) --
Modeling Landscape Change with Markov Models (with R option) --
Simulating Management Actions and Their Effect on Forest Landscape Pattern (with Harvest Lite) --
Regional and Continental-scale Perspectives on Landscape Pattern --
Using Spatial Statistics and Landscape Metrics to Compare Disturbance Mosaics (with GS+) --
Assessing Multi-scale Landscape Connectivity Using Network Analysis --
Conservation Planning (with Marxan) --
Advances in Quantifying Habitat Connectivity Using Graph Theory (with Conefor) --
Linking Landscapes and Metacommunities (using R) Joseph R. Bennett and Ben Gilbert --
Modeling Spatial Dynamics of Ecosystem Processes and Services --
Heterogeneity in Ecosystem Services: Multi-scale Carbon Management in Tropical Forest Landscapes --
Regime Shifts and Spatial Resilience in a Coral Reef Seascape --
Understanding Land-Use Feedbacks and Ecosystem Service Tradeoffs in Agriculture --
Social Networks: Uncovering Social-ecological Mismatches in Heterogeneous Marine Landscapes.
Рубрики: Landscape ecology.
   Regional planning.
   Urban planning.
   Ecology .
   Environmental monitoring.
   Landscape Ecology.
   Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning.
   Terrestial Ecology.
   Monitoring/Environmental Analysis.
   Theoretical Ecology/Statistics.
Анотація: This title meets a great demand for training in spatial analysis tools accessible to a wide audience. Landscape ecology continues to grow as an exciting discipline with much to offer for solving pressing and emerging problems in environmental science. Much of the strength of landscape ecology lies in its ability to address challenges over large areas, over spatial and temporal scales at which decision-making often occurs. As the world tackles issues related to sustainability and global change, the need for this broad perspective has only increased. Furthermore, spatial data and spatial analysis (core methods in landscape ecology) are critical for analyzing land-cover changes world-wide. While spatial dynamics have long been fundamental to terrestrial conservation strategies, land management and reserve design, mapping and spatial themes are increasingly recognized as important for ecosystem management in aquatic, coastal and marine systems. This second edition is purposefully more applied and international in its examples, approaches, perspectives and contributors. It includes new advances in quantifying landscape structure and connectivity (such as graph theory), as well as labs that incorporate the latest scientific understanding of ecosystem services, resilience, social-ecological landscapes, and even seascapes. Of course, as before, the exercises emphasize easy-to-use, widely available software.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6374-4

Дод.точки доступу:
Gergel, Sarah E. \ed.\; Turner, Monica G. \ed.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Gavrikov, Vladimir L.
    Stem Surface Area in Modeling of Forest Stands [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Vladimir L. Gavrikov ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - X, 100 p. 23 illus. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
1. Stem Surface Area as Subject of Study --
2.Stem Surface Area: Measurement and Development --
3. Self-thinning and Stem Surface Area --
4. Stem Respiratory Rate and Stem Surface Area.
Рубрики: Forestry.
   Ecology .
   Plant anatomy.
   Plant development.
   Forestry.
   Theoretical Ecology/Statistics.
   Plant Anatomy/Development.
Анотація: This book reveals the benefits of describing and modeling trees as the combined surface areas of their stems, and provides a concise overview of the fundamental grounds for adopting such an approach. Anatomically speaking, trees are largely thin sheaths of living cells and it is this understanding that has sparked growing interest in the study of stem surface areas in trees and stands. An overview of publications on analytical methods for the dynamics and structure of forest stands based on stem surface area is also provided. The approach described here gives readers a chance to rethink some models that were popular for decades, while also offering a glance into future research. The application of a simple geometrical model of a forest stand has made it possible to reexamine a highly promising model, the self-thinning rule, which has been a subject of a protracted discussion for the past few decades. Further, the analysis presented here can serve as the basis for predicting forest stand increments, a topic that calls for further development.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52449-8

Дод.точки доступу:
Gavrikov, Vladimir L. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Andrews, John H.
    Comparative Ecology of Microorganisms and Macroorganisms [[electronic resource] /] : монография / John H. Andrews ; . - 2nd ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XVII, 349 p. 68 illus. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
1 Introduction: Prospects for a Conceptual Synthesis --
1.1. Organizing Life --
1.2. Microorganisms and Macroorganisms: Differences and Similarities --
1.3 The Centrality of Natural Selection --
1.4 Analogies, Homologies, and Homoplasies --
1.5 A Framework for Comparisons --
1.6 What is an Individual? --
1.7 Summary --
1.8 Suggested Additional Reading --
2 Genetic Variation --
2.1 Introduction --
2.2 Mechanisms --
2.3 Sex and Meiotic Recombination --
2.4 The Asexual Lifestyle --
2.5 Somatic Variation, Heritable Variation, and the Concept of the Genet --
2.6 Summary --
2.7 Suggested Additional Reading --
3 Nutritional Mode --
3.1 Introduction --
3.2 Carbon and Energy Resources --
3.3 Resource Acquisition --
3.4 Nutritional Versatility --
3.5 Generalists and Specialists --
3.6 Summary --
3.7 Suggested Additional Reading --
4 Size --
4.1 Introduction --
4.2 Changes in Size and Development of Life on Earth --
4.3 On Seeing the World as an Elephant or a Mycoplasma --
4.4 Some Correlates of Size --
4.5 Some Ecological Consequences of Size --
4.6 Size and Life History Theory --
4.7 Summary --
4.8 Suggested Additional Reading --
5 Growth and Growth Form --
5.1 Introduction --
5.2 Unitary and Modular Organisms: An Overview --
5.3 Fungi as Modular Organisms --
5.4 Bacteria as Modular Organisms --
5.5 Life Histories of Modular vs. Unitary Organisms --
5.6 Summary --
5.7 Suggested Additional Reading --
6 The Life Cycle --
6.1 Introduction --
6.2 Origins and General Considerations --
6.3 Complex Life Cycles --
6.4 Senescence --
6.5 Summary --
6.6 Suggested Additional Reading --
7 The Environment --
7.1 Introduction --
7.2 The Environment and Organism are Tightly Coupled --
7.3 How Organisms Experience Environments --
7.4 Organism Size and Environmental Variation --
7.5 Genotypic and Phenotypic Variation --
7.6 The Environment and Life Cycle Changes --
7.7 Habitable Sites and the Evolution of Dispersal --
7.8 Summary --
7.9 Suggested Additional Reading --
8 Conclusion: Commonalities and Differences in Life Histories --
8.1 Levels of Comparison --
8.2 On Being a Macroorganism or a Microorganism --
8.3 Natural Selection as the Common Denominator --
8.4 Recapitulation of Some Major Points --
8.5 On the Comparative Ecology of Microorganisms and Macroorganisms --
8.6 Summary --
References --
Index.
Рубрики: Microbial ecology.
   Ecology .
   Evolutionary biology.
   Microbiology.
   Animal ecology.
   Microbial Ecology.
   Theoretical Ecology/Statistics.
   Evolutionary Biology.
   Microbiology.
   Animal Ecology.
Анотація: This second edition textbook offers an expanded conceptual synthesis of microbial ecology with plant and animal ecology. Drawing on examples from the biology of microorganisms and macroorganisms, this textbook provides a much-needed interdisciplinary approach to ecology. The focus is the individual organism and comparisons are made along six axes: genetic variation, nutritional mode, size, growth, life cycle, and influence of the environment. When it was published in 1991, the first edition of Comparative Ecology of Microorganisms and Macroorganisms was unique in its attempt to clearly compare fundamental ecology across the gamut of size. The explosion of molecular biology and the application of its techniques to microbiology and organismal biology have particularly demonstrated the need for interdisciplinary understanding. This updated and expanded edition remains unique. It treats the same topics at greater depth and includes an exhaustive compilation of both the most recent relevant literature in microbial ecology and plant/animal ecology, as well as the early research papers that shaped the concepts and theories discussed. Among the completely updated topics in the book are phylogenetic systematics, search algorithms and optimal foraging theory, comparative metabolism, the origins of life and evolution of multicellularity, and the evolution of life cycles. From Reviews of the First Edition: "John Andrews has succeeded admirably in building a bridge that is accessible to all ecologists." -Ecology "I recommend this book to all ecologists. It is a thoughtful attempt to integrate ideas from, and develop common themes for, two fields of ecology that should not have become fragmented." -American Scientist "Such a synthesis is long past due, and it is shameful that ecologists (both big and little) have been so parochial." -The Quarterly Review of Biology.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6897-8

Дод.точки доступу:
Andrews, John H. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Environmental Modeling with Stakeholders [[electronic resource] :] : theory, Methods, and Applications / / ed. Gray, Steven. [et al.]. - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XXII, 370 p. 74 illus., 36 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Part I: The Process of Environmental Modeling with Stakeholders --
Cognitive, Material and Technological Considerations in Participatory Environmental Modeling --
Learning Through Participatory Modeling: Reflections on What it Means and How it is Measured --
Values in Participatory Modeling: Theory and Practice --
Eliciting Judgments, Priorities, and Values Using Structured Survey Methods --
Participatory Modeling and Structured Decision-making --
Ensuring that Ecological Science Contributes to Natural Resource Management using a Delphi-derived Approach --
Part II: The Application and Products of Environmental Modeling with Stakeholders --
Fuzzy-logic Cognitive Mapping: Introduction and Overview of the Method --
FCMs as a Common base for Linking Participatory Products and Models --
Extending Participatory Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping with a Control Nodes Methodology: A Case Study of a Development Bio-based Economy in the Humber Region, UK --
Effects of Livelihood-diversification on Sustainability of Natural Resources in the Rangelands of East Africa: Participatory Field Studies and Results of an Agent-based Model using the Knowledge of Indigenous Maasai Pastoralists of Kenya --
Level of Sustainable Activity: A Framework for Integrating Stakeholders into the Simulation Modeling and Management of Mixed-use Waterways --
Engaging Stakeholders in Environmental and Sustainability Decisions with Participatory System Dynamics Modeling --
Participatory Modeling and Community Dialog about Vulnerability of Lobster Fishing to Climate Change --
Case Study: Participatory Modeling to Assess Climate Impacts on Water Resources in the Big Wood Basin, Idaho --
Science based Modelling for Supporting Integrated Coastal Zone Management --
Assessing Flood Impacts, Wetland Changes and Climate Adaptation in Europe: The CLIMSAVE Approach --
Linking Participatory, Bayesian, and Agent-based Modeling Techniques to Simulate Coupled Natural-Human System: A Case Study with Ranchers in Sonora, Mexico.
Рубрики: Environmental management.
   Environmental law.
   Environmental policy.
   Ecology .
   Climate change.
   Statistics .
   Sustainable development.
   Environmental Management.
   Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice.
   Theoretical Ecology/Statistics.
   Climate Change.
   Statistics for Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences.
   Sustainable Development.
Анотація: This volume brings together, in a central text, chapters written by leading scholars working at the intersection of modeling, the natural and social sciences, and public participation. This book presents the current state of knowledge regarding the theory and practice of engaging stakeholders in environmental modeling for decision-making, and includes basic theoretical considerations, an overview of methods and tools available, and case study examples of these principles and methods in practice. Although there has been a significant increase in research and development regarding participatory modeling, a unifying text that provides an overview of the different methodologies available to scholars and a systematic review of case study applications has been largely unavailable. This edited volume seeks to address a gap in the literature and provide a primer that addresses the growing demand to adopt and apply a range of modeling methods that includes the public in environmental assessment and management. The book is divided into two main sections. The first part of the book covers basic considerations for including stakeholders in the modeling process and its intersection with the theory and practice of public participation in environmental decision-making. The second part of the book is devoted to specific applications and products of the various methods available through case study examination. This second part of the book also provides insight from several international experts currently working in the field about their approaches, types of interactions with stakeholders, models produced, and the challenges they perceived based on their practical experiences.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25053-3

Дод.точки доступу:
Gray, Steven. \ed.\; Paolisso, Michael. \ed.\; Jordan, Rebecca. \ed.\; Gray, Stefan. \ed.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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