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    Nuclear Power Plants: Innovative Technologies for Instrumentation and Control Systems [[electronic resource] :] : international Symposium on Software Reliability, Industrial Safety, Cyber Security and Physical Protection of Nuclear Power Plant / / ed. Xu, Yang. - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - IX, 224 p. 80 illus. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Software reliability --
Industrial Safety --
Cyber Security --
Physical Protection --
Testing and Verification.
Рубрики: Nuclear energy.
   Quality control.
   Reliability.
   Industrial safety.
   Computer security.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Radiation protection.
   Radiation—Safety measures.
   Nuclear Energy.
   Nuclear Energy.
   Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk.
   Systems and Data Security.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection.
Анотація: These proceedings present the latest information on software reliability, industrial safety, cyber security, physical protection, testing and verification for nuclear power plants. The papers were selected from more than 80 submissions and presented at the First International Symposium on Software Reliability, Industrial Safety, Cyber Security and Physical Protection for Nuclear Power Plants, held in Shanghai, China on December 10–14, 2015. The primary aim of this symposium was to provide a platform to facilitate the discussion for comprehension, application and management of digital instrumentation, control systems and technologies in nuclear power plants. The book reflects not only the state of the art and latest trends in nuclear instrumentation and control system technologies, but also China’s increasing influence in this area. It is a valuable resource for both practitioners and academics working in the field of nuclear instrumentation, control systems and other safety-critical systems, as well as nuclear power plant managers, public officials and regulatory authorities.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3361-2

Дод.точки доступу:
Xu, Yang. \ed.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Advanced Interfacing Techniques for Sensors [[electronic resource] :] : measurement Circuits and Systems for Intelligent Sensors / / ed. George, Boby. [et al.]. - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XIV, 314 p. 193 illus., 121 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Sensors and their characteristics --
Advanced Interfacing Techniques for the Capacitive Sensors --
A Simple Embedded Sensor: Excitation and Interfacing --
AdvancedTechniques for Directly Interfacing Resistive Sensors to Digital Systems --
Interfaces for AutarkicWireless Sensors and Actuators in the Internet of Things --
Lock-In Amplifier Architectures for Sub-Ppm Resolution Measurements --
Biomedical Sensors and Their Interfacing --
Interfacing and Pre-ProcessingTechniques with Olfactory and Taste Sensors --
Harnessing Vision and Touch for Compliant Robotic Interaction with Soft or Rigid Objects --
IEEE1451 Smart Sensors Architectures for Vital Signs and Motor Activity Monitoring.
Рубрики: Electronics.
   Microelectronics.
   Electronic circuits.
   Applied mathematics.
   Engineering mathematics.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation.
   Circuits and Systems.
   Mathematical and Computational Engineering.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This book presents ways of interfacing sensors to the digital world, and discusses the marriage between sensor systems and the IoT: the opportunities and challenges. As sensor output is often affected by noise and interference, the book presents effective schemes for recovering the data from a signal that is buried in noise. It also explores interesting applications in the area of health care, un-obstructive monitoring and the electronic nose and tongue. It is a valuable resource for engineers and scientists in the area of sensors and interfacing wanting to update their knowledge of the latest developments in the field and learn more about sensing applications and challenges.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55369-6

Дод.точки доступу:
George, Boby. \ed.\; Roy, Joyanta Kumar. \ed.\; Kumar, V. Jagadeesh. \ed.\; Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra. \ed.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Structural Health Monitoring [[electronic resource] :] : an Advanced Signal Processing Perspective / / ed.: Yan, Ruqiang., Chen, Xuefeng., Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra. - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XI, 375 p. 284 illus., 175 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Advanced Signal Processing for Structural Health Monitoring --
Signal Post-Processing for Accurate Evaluation of the Natural Frequencies --
Holobalancing Method and its Improvement by Reselection of Balancing Object --
Wavelet Transform Based On Inner Product for Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery --
Wavelet Based Spectral Kurtosis and Kurtogram: A Smart and Sparse Characterization of Impulsive Transient Vibration --
Time-Frequency Manifold for Machinery Fault Diagnosis --
Matching Demodulation Transform and its Application in Machine Fault Diagnosis --
Compressive Sensing: A New Insight to Condition Monitoring of Rotary Machinery --
Sparse Representation of the Transients in Mechanical Signals --
Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition --
Bivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition and Its Applications in Machine Condition Monitoring --
Time-Frequency Demodulation Analysis Based on LMD and Its Applications --
On The Use of Stochastic Resonance in Mechanical Fault Signal Detection.
Рубрики: Signal processing.
   Image processing.
   Speech processing systems.
   Biomedical engineering.
   Industrial engineering.
   Production engineering.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Signal, Image and Speech Processing.
   Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering.
   Industrial and Production Engineering.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This book highlights the latest advances and trends in advanced signal processing (such as wavelet theory, time-frequency analysis, empirical mode decomposition, compressive sensing and sparse representation, and stochastic resonance) for structural health monitoring (SHM). Its primary focus is on the utilization of advanced signal processing techniques to help monitor the health status of critical structures and machines encountered in our daily lives: wind turbines, gas turbines, machine tools, etc. As such, it offers a key reference guide for researchers, graduate students, and industry professionals who work in the field of SHM.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56126-4

Дод.точки доступу:
Yan, Ruqiang. \ed.\; Chen, Xuefeng. \ed.\; Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra. \ed.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Shoaib, Nosherwan.
    Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) Measurements and Uncertainty Assessment [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Nosherwan. Shoaib ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XIV, 82 p. 52 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
General Introduction --
Waveguide Measurement Uncertainty --
VNA Calibration Comparison --
VNA Connection Repeatability Investigation --
VNA Verication Artefacts --
Conclusions.
Рубрики: Microwaves.
   Optical engineering.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Electronic circuits.
   Microwaves, RF and Optical Engineering.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Circuits and Systems.
Анотація: This book describes vector network analyzer measurements and uncertainty assessments, particularly in waveguide test-set environments, in order to establish their compatibility to the International System of Units (SI) for accurate and reliable characterization of communication networks. It proposes a fully analytical approach to measurement uncertainty evaluation, while also highlighting the interaction and the linear propagation of different uncertainty sources to compute the final uncertainties associated with the measurements. The book subsequently discusses the dimensional characterization of waveguide standards and the quality of the vector network analyzer (VNA) calibration techniques. The book concludes with an in-depth description of the novel verification artefacts used to assess the performance of the VNAs. It offers a comprehensive reference guide for beginners to experts, in both academia and industry, whose work involves the field of network analysis, instrumentation and measurements.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44772-8

Дод.точки доступу:
Shoaib, Nosherwan. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Ghayvat, Hemant.
    Wellness Protocol for Smart Homes [[electronic resource] :] : an Integrated Framework for Ambient Assisted Living / / Hemant. Ghayvat, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra. ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XI, 160 p. 115 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Introduction --
Literature Survey --
Wellness Protocol Development and Implementation --
Issues and Mitigation of WSNs-based Smart Building Systems --
Activity Detection and Wellness Pattern Generation --
Wellness Pattern Generation and Forecasting --
Conclusion and Future Works.
Рубрики: Electronics.
   Microelectronics.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Data mining.
   Biomedical engineering.
   Environmental monitoring.
   Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.
   Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering.
   Monitoring/Environmental Analysis.
Анотація: This book focuses on the development of wellness protocols for smart home monitoring, aiming to forecast the wellness of individuals living in ambient assisted living (AAL) environments. It describes in detail the design and implementation of heterogeneous wireless sensors and networks as applied to data mining and machine learning, which the protocols are based on. Further, it shows how these sensor and actuator nodes are deployed in the home environment, generating real-time data on object usage and other movements inside the home, and therefore demonstrates that the protocols have proven to offer a reliable, efficient, flexible, and economical solution for smart home systems. Documenting the approach from sensor to decision making and information generation, the book addresses various issues concerning interference mitigation, errors, security and large data handling. As such, it offers a valuable resource for researchers, students and practitioners interested in interdisciplinary studies at the intersection of wireless sensing processing, radio communication, the Internet of Things and machine learning, and in how they can be applied to smart home monitoring and assisted living environments.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52048-3

Дод.точки доступу:
Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra.; Ghayvat, Hemant. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Wang, Zinan.
    Dual-Polarization Two-Port Fiber-Optic Gyroscope [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Zinan. Wang ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XVI, 93 p. 60 illus., 54 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Introduction --
Polarization Error Compensation in Dual-Polarization IFOGs --
Theory Study of Optically Compensated Dual-Polarization IFOGs --
Output Properties of Dual-Polarization IFOGs --
Multi-Channel Signal Processing Methods for IFOGs --
Preliminary Test on an Engineering Prototype of Dual-Polarization IFOG --
Conclusions and Outlook.
Рубрики: Microwaves.
   Optical engineering.
   Optics.
   Electrodynamics.
   Lasers.
   Photonics.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Microwaves, RF and Optical Engineering.
   Classical Electrodynamics.
   Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This thesis demonstrates and investigates novel dual-polarization interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope (IFOG) configurations, which utilize optical compensation between two orthogonal polarizations to suppress errors caused by polarization nonreciprocity. Further, it provides a scheme for dual-polarization two-port IFOGs and details their unique benefits. Dual-polarization IFOGs break through the restriction of the "minimal scheme," which conventional IFOGs are based on. These innovative new IFOGs have unique properties: They require no polarizer and have two ports available for signal detection. As such, they open new avenues for IFOGs to achieve lower costs and higher sensitivity.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2836-6

Дод.точки доступу:
Wang, Zinan. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    High Sensitivity Magnetometers [[electronic resource] /] : монография / ed.: Grosz, Asaf., Haji-Sheikh, Michael J., Mukhopadhyay, Subhas C. - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - VII, 576 p. 344 illus., 214 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Induction Coil Magnetometers --
Parallel Fluxgate Magnetometers --
Orthogonal Fluxgate Magnetometers --
Giant Magneto-Impedance Magnetometers --
Magnetoelectric Magnetometers --
Anisotropic Magnetoresistance (AMR) Magnetometers --
Planar Hall Effect Magnetometers --
MEMS Lorentz Force Magnetometers --
Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) Magnetometers --
Planar Magnetometers --
Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Rotation Magnetometers --
Spin Exchange Relaxation Free (SERF) Magnetometers --
Helium Magnetometers --
Microfabricated Optically-Pumped Magnetometers.
Рубрики: Electronics.
   Microelectronics.
   Signal processing.
   Image processing.
   Speech processing systems.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation.
   Signal, Image and Speech Processing.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This book gathers, for the first time, an overview of nearly all of the magnetic sensors that exist today. The book is offering the readers a thorough and comprehensive knowledge from basics to state-of-the-art and is therefore suitable for both beginners and experts. From the more common and popular AMR magnetometers and up to the recently developed NV center magnetometers, each chapter is describing a specific type of sensor and providing all the information that is necessary to understand the magnetometer behavior including theoretical background, noise model, materials, electronics, design and fabrication techniques, etc.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34070-8

Дод.точки доступу:
Grosz, Asaf. \ed.\; Haji-Sheikh, Michael J. \ed.\; Mukhopadhyay, Subhas C. \ed.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Gorban, Igor I.
    The Statistical Stability Phenomenon [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Igor I. Gorban ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XXXIX, 322 p. 115 illus., 7 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Features of the Statistical Stability Phenomenon --
The Phenomenon of Statistical Stability and its Properties --
Determinism and Uncertainty --
Formalization of the Statistical Stability Concept --
Dependence of the Statistical Stability of a Stochastic Process on its Spectrum-Correlation Characteristics --
Experimental Study of the Statistical Stability Phenomenon --
Experimental Investigation of the Statistical Stability of Physical Processes over Large Observation Intervals --
Experimental Investigation of the Statistical Stability of Meteorological Data --
Experimental Studies of the Statistical Stability of Radiation from Astrophysical Objects --
Statistical Stability of Different Types of Noise and Process --
The Theory of Hyper-random Phenomena --
Hyper-random Events and Variables --
Hyper-random Functions --
Stationary and Ergodic Hyper-random Functions --
Transformations of Hyper-random Variables and Processes --
Fundamentals of the Statistics of Hyper-random Phenomena --
Principles of the Mathematical Analysis of Divergent and Many-valued Functions --
Divergent Sequences and Functions --
Description of Divergent Sequences and Functions --
Divergent Sequences --
Many-valued Variables, Sequences, and Functions --
Principles of the Mathematical Analysis of Many-valued Functions --
Statistical Laws in Statistical Stability Violation --
The Law of Large Numbers --
The Central Limit Theorem --
Accuracy and Measurement Models --
The Problem of Uncertainty --
Epilogue --
References.
Рубрики: Applied mathematics.
   Engineering mathematics.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Statistics .
   Statistical physics.
   Dynamical systems.
   Mathematical physics.
   Mathematical and Computational Engineering.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Statistics for Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences.
   Complex Systems.
   Mathematical Applications in the Physical Sciences.
   Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems.
Анотація: This monograph investigates violations of statistical stability of physical events, variables, and processes and develops a new physical-mathematical theory taking into consideration such violations – the theory of hyper-random phenomena. There are five parts. The first describes the phenomenon of statistical stability and its features, and develops methods for detecting violations of statistical stability, in particular when data is limited. The second part presents several examples of real processes of different physical nature and demonstrates the violation of statistical stability over broad observation intervals. The third part outlines the mathematical foundations of the theory of hyper-random phenomena, while the fourth develops the foundations of the mathematical analysis of divergent and many-valued functions. The fifth part contains theoretical and experimental studies of statistical laws where there is violation of statistical stability. The monograph should be of particular interest to engineers and scientists in general who study the phenomenon of statistical stability and use statistical methods for high-precision measurements, prediction, and signal processing over long observation intervals.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43585-5

Дод.точки доступу:
Gorban, Igor I. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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    Miyara, Federico.
    Software-Based Acoustical Measurements [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Federico. Miyara ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XIX, 429 p. 150 illus., 7 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
1 Introduction --
2 Uncertainty --
3 Digital Recording --
4 Digital Audio Editing --
5 Transducers --
6 Digital Signal Processing --
7 Basic Algorithms for Acoustical Measurements --
8 Spectrum Analysis --
9 Testing of Digital Recorders --
Further Readings --
Appendix 1 --
Appendix 2 --
Appendix 3 --
Appendix 4 --
Appendix 5 --
Appendix 6 --
Appendix 7 --
Appendix 8 --
Appendix 9 --
Appendix 10 --
Appendix 11 --
Appendix 12 --
Appendix 13 --
Appendix 14 --
Appendix 15 --
Appendix 16 --
Index.
Рубрики: Acoustics.
   Signal processing.
   Image processing.
   Speech processing systems.
   Software engineering.
   Acoustical engineering.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Information theory.
   Acoustics.
   Signal, Image and Speech Processing.
   Software Engineering.
   Engineering Acoustics.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Information and Communication, Circuits.
Анотація: This textbook provides a detailed introduction to the use of software in combination with simple and economical hardware (a sound level meter with calibrated AC output and a digital recording system) to obtain sophisticated measurements usually requiring expensive equipment. It emphasizes the use of free, open source, and multiplatform software. Many commercial acoustical measurement systems use software algorithms as an integral component; however the methods are not disclosed. This book enables the reader to develop useful algorithms and provides insight into the use of digital audio editing tools to document features in the signal. Topics covered include acoustical measurement principles, in-depth critical study of uncertainty applied to acoustical measurements, digital signal processing from the basics, and metrologically-oriented spectral and statistical analysis of signals. The student will gain a deep understanding of the use of software for measurement purposes; the ability to implement software-based measurement systems; familiarity with the hardware necessary to acquire and store signals; an appreciation for the key issue of long-term preservation of signals; and a full grasp of the often neglected issue of uncertainty in acoustical measurements. Pedagogical features include in-text worked-out examples, end-of-- Chapter problems, a glossary of metrology terms, and extensive appendices covering statistics, proofs, additional examples, file formats, and underlying theory. Provides a cost-effective, primarily open source solution to obtaining and analyzing acoustical measurements Presents methods which are applicable to embedded systems running any system using free GPL software Equips readers with a deep understanding of the central challenges in acoustical measurements including a discussion of uncertainty Features comprehensive description of hardware, from the hard disk to flash memory, and from the digital recorder to the microphone and audiometric earphone Includes a chapter on testing hardware to ensure standard compliance.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55871-4

Дод.точки доступу:
Miyara, Federico. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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10.

    Hartmann, Frank.
    Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Frank. Hartmann ; . - 2nd ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XIX, 372 p. 255 illus., 224 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Basic Principles of a Silicon Detector --
Radiation Damage in Silicon Detector Devices --
First Steps with Silicon Sensors: NA11 (Proof of Principle) --
The DELPHI Microvertex Detector at LEP --
CDF: The World's Largest Silicon Detector in the 20th Century; the First Silicon Detector at a Hadron Collider --
CMS: Increasing Size by two Orders of Magnitude --
CMS Phase 2: Tracker Upgrade and High Granularity Forward Calorimeter --
Continuing the Story: Detectors for a Future Linear Collider (ILC) or a Future Circular Collider (FCC) --
Conclusion and Outlook --
Glossary.
Рубрики: Particle acceleration.
   Electronics.
   Microelectronics.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics.
   Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This informative monograph describes the technological evolution of silicon detectors and their impact on high energy particle physics. The author here marshals his own first-hand experience in the development and also the realization of the DELPHI, CDF II and the CMS tracking detector. The basic principles of small strip- and pixel-detectors are presented and also the final large-scale applications. The Evolution of Silicon Detector Technology acquaints readers with the manifold challenges involving the design of sensors and pushing this technology to the limits. The expert will find critical information that is so far only available in various slide presentation scattered over the world wide web. This practical introduction of silicon sensor technology and its day to day life in the lab also offers many examples to illustrate problems and their solutions over several detector generations. The new edition gives a detailed overview of the silicon sensor technology used at the LHC, from basic principles to actual implementation to lessons learned.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64436-3

Дод.точки доступу:
Hartmann, Frank. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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11.

    Morgante, Enrico.
    Aspects of WIMP Dark Matter Searches at Colliders and Other Probes [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Enrico. Morgante ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XX, 212 p. 50 illus., 42 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Part I: Introduction --
Generalities about Dark Matter --
Part II: Direct and Indirect WIMP Searches --
Direct Detection of Wimps --
Indirect Detection --
Focus on AMS-02 Anti-protons Results --
Part III: LHC Searches --
Dark Matter Searches at the LHC --
The EFT Approach and its Validity --
Simpli?ed Models --
Relic Density.- Part IV: Complementary Searches in the Simpli?ed Model Framework --
A U(1)’ Gauge Mediator --
A 750 Gev Pseudo-scalar Mediator --
Conclusions.
Рубрики: Cosmology.
   Nuclear physics.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Cosmology.
   Particle and Nuclear Physics.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This thesis covers several theoretical aspects of WIMP (weakly interacting massive particles) dark matter searches, with a particular emphasis on colliders. It mainly focuses on the use of effective field theories as a tool for Large Hadron Collider (LHC) searches, discussing in detail the issue of their validity, and on simplified dark matter models, which are receiving a growing attention from the physics community. It highlights the theoretical consistency of simplified models, which is essential in order to correctly exploit their potential and for them to be a common reference when comparing results from different experiments. This thesis is of interest to researchers (both theorists and experimentalists) in the field of dark matter searches, and offers a comprehensive introduction to dark matter and to WIMP searches for students and non-experts.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67606-7

Дод.точки доступу:
Morgante, Enrico. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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12.

    Paul, Amitesh.
    Low-Angle Polarized Neutron and X-Ray Scattering from Magnetic Nanolayers and Nanostructures [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Amitesh. Paul ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XI, 143 p. 59 illus., 55 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Introduction --
Low-angle scattering theory and techniques --
Scattering instruments --
Magnetic nanolayers and superlattices --
Self-assembly of nanolayers and nanostructures --
Magnetic oxide heterostructures and their interfaces: proximity and coupling --
Self-diffusion kinetics in layered systems --
Summary and Outlook.
Рубрики: Magnetism.
   Magnetic materials.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Materials—Surfaces.
   Thin films.
   Nanoscale science.
   Nanoscience.
   Nanostructures.
   Spectroscopy.
   Microscopy.
   Magnetism, Magnetic Materials.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films.
   Nanoscale Science and Technology.
   Spectroscopy and Microscopy.
Анотація: This research monograph presents the latest results related to the characterization of low dimensional systems. Low-angle polarized neutron scattering and X-ray scattering at grazing incidence are used as the two main techniques to explore various physical phenomena of these systems. Special focus is put on systems like thin film transition metal and rare-earth layers, oxide heterostructures, hybrid systems, self-assembled nanostructures and self-diffusion. Readers will gain in-depth knowledge about the usage of specular scattering and off-specular scattering techniques. Investigation of in-plane and out-of-plane structures and magnetism with vector magnetometric information is illustrated comprehensively. The book caters to a wide audience working in the field of nano-dimensional magnetic systems and the neutron and X-ray reflectometry community in particular.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63224-7

Дод.точки доступу:
Paul, Amitesh. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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13.

    Cerrito, Lucio.
    Radiation and Detectors [[electronic resource] :] : introduction to the Physics of Radiation and Detection Devices / / Lucio. Cerrito ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XIV, 210 p. 142 illus., 50 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Part I Radiation --
1 Particles and forces --
2 Natural sources of radiation --
3 Dosimetry --
4 Relativistic kinematics and Collisions --
5 Elements of accelerator physics --
Part II Interaction Mechanisms and Detectors --
6 Ionisation and Multiple Scattering --
7 Gaseous and liquid ionisation detectors --
8 Semiconductor detectors --
9 Scintillation process and light detectors --
10Electromagnetic and Hadronic showers: Calorimeters --
11Cherenkov and transition radiation: detectors for PID and neutrinos --
A Statistics and probability --
Index.
Рубрики: Particle acceleration.
   Medical physics.
   Radiation.
   Radiation protection.
   Radiation—Safety measures.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics.
   Medical and Radiation Physics.
   Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This textbook provides an introduction to radiation, the principles of interaction between radiation and matter, and the exploitation of those principles in the design of modern radiation detectors. Both radiation and detectors are given equal attention and their interplay is carefully laid out with few assumptions made about the prior knowledge of the student. Part I is dedicated to radiation, broadly interpreted in terms of energy and type, starting with an overview of particles and forces, an extended review of common natural and man-made sources of radiation, and an introduction to particle accelerators. Particular attention is paid to real life examples, which place the types of radiation and their energy in context. Dosimetry is presented from a modern, user-led point of view, and relativistic kinematics is introduced to give the basic knowledge needed to handle the more formal aspects of radiation dynamics and interaction. The explanation of the physics principles of interaction between radiation and matter is given significant space to allow a deeper understanding of the various technologies based on those principles. Following an introduction to the ionisation mechanism, detectors are introduced in Part II, grouped according to the physical principle that underpins their functionality, with chapters covering gaseous detectors, semiconductor detectors, the scintillation process and light detectors. The final two chapters describe the phenomenology of showers and the design of calorimeters, and cover additional phenomena including Cherenkov and transition radiation and the detection of neutrinos. An appendix offers the reader a useful review of statistics and probability distributions. The mathematical formalism is kept to a minimum throughout and simple derivations are presented to guide the reasoning and facilitate understanding of the working principles. The book is unique in its wide scope and introductory level, and is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students in physics and engineering. The reader will acquire an awareness of how radiation and its exploitation are becoming increasingly relevant in the modern world, with over 140 experimental figures, detector schematics and photographs helping to relate the material to a broader research context. .

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53181-6

Дод.точки доступу:
Cerrito, Lucio. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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14.

    Lecoq, Paul.
    Inorganic Scintillators for Detector Systems [[electronic resource] :] : physical Principles and Crystal Engineering / / Paul. Lecoq, Gektin, Alexander., Korzhik, Mikhail. ; . - 2nd ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XVI, 408 p. 226 illus., 44 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Preface to the Second edition --
Preface to the First Edition --
Scintillation and Inorganic Scintillators --
How User’s Requirements Influence the Development of Scintillators --
Addressing the Increased Demand for Fast Timing --
Scintillation Mechanisms in Inorganic Scintillators --
Energy Resolution and Non-proportionality of Scintillators --
Influence of the Crystal Structure Defects on Scintillation Properties --
Charged Hadron Radiation Damage of Scintillators --
Crystal Engineering --
Examples of Recent Crystal Development --
Conclusion --
Index.
Рубрики: Particle acceleration.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Engineering—Materials.
   Crystallography.
   Materials science.
   Nuclear medicine.
   Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Materials Engineering.
   Crystallography and Scattering Methods.
   Characterization and Evaluation of Materials.
   Nuclear Medicine.
Анотація: This second edition features new chapters highlighting advances in our understanding of the behavior and properties of scintillators, and the discovery of new families of materials with light yield and excellent energy resolution very close to the theoretical limit. The book focuses on the discovery of next-generation scintillation materials and on a deeper understanding of fundamental processes. Such novel materials with high light yield as well as significant advances in crystal engineering offer exciting new perspectives. Most promising is the application of scintillators for precise time tagging of events, at the level of 100 ps or higher, heralding a new era in medical applications and particle physics. Since the discovery of the Higgs Boson with a clear signature in the lead tungstate scintillating blocks of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter detector, the current trend in particle physics is toward very high luminosity colliders, in which timing performance will ultimately be essential to mitigating pile-up problems. New and extremely fast light production mechanisms based on Hot-Intraband-Luminescence as well as quantum confinement are exploited for this purpose. Breakthroughs such as crystal engineering by means of co-doping procedures and selection of cations with small nuclear fragmentation cross-sections will also pave the way for the development of more advanced and radiation-hard materials. Similar innovations are expected in medical imaging, nuclear physics ecology, homeland security, space instrumentation and industrial applications. This second edition also reviews modern trends in our understanding and the engineering of scintillation materials. Readers will find new and updated references and information, as well as new concepts and inspirations to implement in their own research and engineering endeavors.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45522-8

Дод.точки доступу:
Gektin, Alexander.; Korzhik, Mikhail.; Lecoq, Paul. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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15.

    Patra, Abhijeet.
    Quantifying Interactions of Biomolecules with Inorganic Surfaces [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Abhijeet. Patra ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XVIII, 102 p. 39 illus., 35 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Introduction --
Methods --
Quantifying interactions between water and surfaces --
Quantifying interactions between lipids and surfaces --
Quantifying interactions between serum proteins and gold nanoparticles --
Conclusion.
Рубрики: Nanoscale science.
   Nanoscience.
   Nanostructures.
   Materials—Surfaces.
   Thin films.
   Amorphous substances.
   Complex fluids.
   Nanochemistry.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Nanoscale Science and Technology.
   Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films.
   Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics.
   Nanochemistry.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This thesis demonstrates the adaptation of existing techniques and principles towards enabling clean and precise measurements of biomolecules interacting with inorganic surfaces. In particular, it includes real-time measurement of serum proteins interacting with engineered nanomaterial. Making meaningful and unambiguous measurements has been an evolving problem in the field of biology and its various allied domains, primarily due to the complex nature of experiments and the large number of possible interferants. The subsequent quantification of interactions between biomolecules and inorganic surfaces solves pressing problems in the rapidly developing fields of lipidomics and nanomedicine.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30728-2

Дод.точки доступу:
Patra, Abhijeet. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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16.

    Gavrilov, Momcilo.
    Experiments on the Thermodynamics of Information Processing [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Momcilo. Gavrilov ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XVI, 147 p. 55 illus., 53 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Introduction --
Feedback Trap --
Real-time Calibration of a Feedback Trap --
High-Precision Test of Landauer’s Principle --
Erasure without Work in an Asymmetric, Double-well Potential --
Thermodynamical and Logical Irreversibility --
Arbitrarily Slow, Non-quasistatic, Isothermal Transformations --
Partial Memory Erasure: Testing Shannon’s Entropy Function --
Conclusion.
Рубрики: Thermodynamics.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Physics.
   Thermodynamics.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics.
Анотація: This thesis reveals how the feedback trap technique, developed to trap small objects for biophysical measurement, could be adapted for the quantitative study of the thermodynamic properties of small systems. The experiments in this thesis are related to Maxwell’s demon, a hypothetical intelligent, “neat fingered” being that uses information to extract work from heat, apparently creating a perpetual-motion machine. The second law of thermodynamics should make that impossible, but how? That question has stymied physicists and provoked debate for a century and a half. The experiments in this thesis confirm a hypothesis proposed by Rolf Landauer over fifty years ago: that Maxwell’s demon would need to erase information, and that erasing information—resetting the measuring device to a standard starting state—requires dissipating as much energy as is gained. For his thesis work, the author used a “feedback trap” to study the motion of colloidal particles in “v irtual potentials” that may be manipulated arbitrarily. The feedback trap confines a freely diffusing particle in liquid by periodically measuring its position and applying an electric field to move it back to the origin.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63694-8

Дод.точки доступу:
Gavrilov, Momcilo. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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17.

    Rabinovich, Semyon G.
    Evaluating Measurement Accuracy [[electronic resource] :] : a Practical Approach / / Semyon G. Rabinovich ; . - 3rd ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XV, 323 p. 22 illus. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Preface --
Abbreviations --
1 General Concepts in the Theory of Measurements --
2 Measuring Instruments and Their Properties --
3 Statistical Methods for Experimental Data Processing --
4 Direct Measurements --
5 Indirect Multiple Measurements --
6 Combined and Simultaneous Measurements --
7 Combining the Results of Measurements --
8 Examples of Measurements and Measurement Data Processing --
9 The International Vocabulary of Metrology and the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement: Analysis, Criticism, and Recommendations --
10 Step-by-Step Guide to the Evaluating of Measurement Accuracy --
11 Conclusion --
Appendix --
Glossary --
References --
Index.
Рубрики: Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Materials science.
   Quality control.
   Reliability.
   Industrial safety.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Characterization and Evaluation of Materials.
   Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk.
Анотація: This book presents a systematic and comprehensive exposition of the theory of measurement accuracy and provides solutions that fill significant and long-standing gaps in the classical theory. It eliminates the shortcomings of the classical theory by including methods for estimating accuracy of single measurements, the most common type of measurement. The book also develops methods of reduction and enumeration for indirect measurements, which do not require Taylor series and produce a precise solution to this problem. It produces grounded methods and recommendations for summation of errors. The monograph also analyzes and critiques two foundation metrological documents, the International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM) and the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), and discusses directions for their revision. This new edition adds a step-by-step guide on how to evaluate measurement accuracy and recommendations on how to calculate systematic error of multiple measurements. There is also an extended section on the method of reduction, which provides an alternative to the least-square method and the method of enumeration. Many sections are also rewritten to improve the structure and usability of the material. The 3rd edition reflects the latest developments in metrology and offers new results, and it is designed to be accessible to readers at various levels and positions, including scientists, engineers, and undergraduate and graduate students. By presenting material from a practical perspective and offering solutions and recommendations for problems that arise in conducting real-life measurements, author Semyon Rabinovich offers an invaluable resource for scientists in any field.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60125-0

Дод.точки доступу:
Rabinovich, Semyon G. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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18.

    THz for CBRN and Explosives Detection and Diagnosis [[electronic resource] /] : монография / ed.: Pereira, Mauro F., Shulika, Oleksiy. - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XIII, 194 p. 111 illus., 73 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Part I Sensing Techniques and Systems --
Toward Standoff Sensing of CBRN with THz Waves --
THz Wave Sensing at ETRO-VUB: Beyond Conventional Limits --
Near-Field Characterization of Conductive Micro-Resonators for Terahertz Sensing --
Bio-chemical Process Monitoring with Terahertz Sensors --
SubMM-wave Reflection and Transmission Technique for Testing and Monitoring of Biochemical Solutions --
Radiation Induced Molecular Damage Addressed by Terahertz Spectroscopy – a Theoretical Study --
Compressive Sensing Imaging at sub-THz Frequency in Transmission Mode --
Testing of sub-THz Properties of Bioliquids using WGM Resonator with Microfluidic Channel --
Optical and THz Evaluation of Components for Gas Sensing Spectroscopy in Hazardous Environments --
Analysis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients by Terahertz Spectroscopy --
Fabrication of Bi2212 Single Crystal Bolometer for Detection of Terahertz Waves --
Integrating THz Sensors/Structures through Electrowetting in Dielectrics (EWOD) for Security Applications --
Part II Materials Properties --
The Critical Effect of Hydration on the THz Signatures of Biomolecules and Bioparticles --
Anisotropic Medium Approach for the Optical Nonlinearities of Dilute Nitride Superlattices --
Part III THz Sources --
Development of Terahertz Frequency Quantum Cascade Lasers for the Applications as Local Oscillators --
Broadband Heterogeneous Quantum Cascade Lasers --
AlGaAs/GaAs Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser with Gold-Based Metal – Metal Waveguide --
Infrared Laser Frequency Combs for Multispecies Gas Detection --
CBRN Defense Using THz Pulse Trains from Semiconductor Disk Lasers --
Progress in Development of the Resonant Tunneling Diodes as Promising Compact Sources at the THz Gap Bottom --
Investigating Glow Discharge Detectors as a Millimeter-Wave/Terahertz Radiation Detection Tool --
The Linewidth Enhancement Factor of Dilute Nitride Intersubband Lasers without Inversion.
Рубрики: Spectroscopy.
   Microscopy.
   System safety.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Spectroscopy and Microscopy.
   Spectroscopy/Spectrometry.
   Security Science and Technology.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This work is intended to jointly address the development, realization and applications of emitters and detectors of terahertz (THz-0.3 THz up to 10 THz) and their application to diagnostics of CBRN effects and detection of explosives and CBRN. Hazardous substances typically exhibit rotational and vibrational transitions in this region, hence giving access to spectroscopic analysis of a large variety of molecules which play a key role in security as well as various other areas, e.g. air pollution, climate research, industrial process control, agriculture, food industry, workplace safety and medical diagnostics can be monitored by sensing and identifying them via THz (0.3 to 10 THz) and mid infrared (MIR-10 THz to 100 THz) absorption “finger prints”. Most plastics, textiles and paper are nearly transparent for THz radiation.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1093-8

Дод.точки доступу:
Pereira, Mauro F. \ed.\; Shulika, Oleksiy. \ed.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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19.

    Lu, Xingye.
    Phase Diagram and Magnetic Excitations of BaFe2-xNixAs2: A Neutron Scattering Study [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Xingye. Lu ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XII, 120 p. 55 illus. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Introduction --
Iron based superconductors --
Neutron scattering --
Phase diagram and incommensurate antiferromagnetic order of BaFe2-xNixAs2 --
Origin of the incommensurate magnetic order in BaFe2-xNixAs2 --
Nematic spin correlations in detwinned BaFe2-xNixAs2 --
Magnetic excitations in overdoped BaFe2-xNixAs2 --
Summary and outlook --
References --
Publications --
Resume --
Acknowledgements.
Рубрики: Superconductivity.
   Superconductors.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Magnetism.
   Magnetic materials.
   Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
   Magnetism, Magnetic Materials.
Анотація: This book studies the structural, magnetic and electronic properties of, as well as magnetic excitations in, high-temperature BaFe2-xNixAs2 superconductors using neutron diffraction and neutron spectroscopic methods. It describes the precise determination of the phase diagram of BaFe2-xNixAs2, which demonstrates strong magnetoelastic coupling and avoided quantum criticality driven by short-range incommensurate antiferromagnetic order, showing cluster spin glass behavior. It also identifies strong nematic spin correlations in the tetragonal state of uniaxial strained BaFe2-xNixAs2. The nematic correlations have similar temperature and doping dependence as resistivity anisotropy in detwinned samples, which suggests that they are intimately connected. Lastly, it investigates doping evolution of magnetic excitations in overdoped BaFe2-xNixAs2 and discusses the links with superconductivity. This book includes detailed neutron scattering results on BaFe2-xNixAs2 and an introduction to neutron scattering techniques, making it a useful guide for readers pursuing related research.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4998-9

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Lu, Xingye. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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20.

    Spannagel, Simon.
    CMS Pixel Detector Upgrade and Top Quark Pole Mass Determination [[electronic resource] /] : монография / Simon. Spannagel ; . - 1st ed. 2017. - [S. l. : s. n.]. - XXVII, 274 p. 136 illus., 74 illus. in color. - Б. ц.
    Зміст:
Introduction to Particle Physics at Hadron Colliders --
The CMS Experiment at the LHC --
Basic Concepts of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors --
The CMS Pixel Detector for Phase I --
Simulation of CMS Pixel Detector Modules --
The pixar Data Acquisition and Calibration Framework --
Test Beams at the DESY-II Synchrotron --
Quali?cation of the Phase I Readout Chip --
Improving the Position Resolution Using the Cluster Skewness --
Introduction to Top Quark Physics and the Measurement --
Simulation of Collision Events --
Object Reconstruction and Event Selection --
Systematic Uncertainties --
Measurement of the Top Quark Mass from the ?S Distribution of tt+jet Events --
Measurement of the Top Quark Mass from Di?erential tt+jet Cross Sections --
Summary and Prospects.
Рубрики: Particle acceleration.
   Quantum field theory.
   String theory.
   Physical measurements.
   Measurement   .
   Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics.
   Quantum Field Theories, String Theory.
   Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
Анотація: This thesis addresses two different topics, both vital for implementing modern high-energy physics experiments: detector development and data analysis. Providing a concise introduction to both the standard model of particle physics and the basic principles of semiconductor tracking detectors, it presents the first measurement of the top quark pole mass from the differential cross-section of tt+J events in the dileptonic tt decay channel. The first part focuses on the development and characterization of silicon pixel detectors. To account for the expected increase in luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the pixel detector of the compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiment is replaced by an upgraded detector with new front-end electronics. It presents comprehensive test beam studies conducted to verify the design and quantify the performance of the new front-end in terms of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution. Furthermore, it proposes a new cluster interpol ation method, which utilizes the third central moment of the cluster charge distribution to improve the position resolution. The second part of the thesis introduces an alternative measurement of the top quark mass from the normalized differential production cross-sections of dileptonic top quark pair events with an additional jet. The energy measurement is 8TeV. Using theoretical predictions at next-to-leading order in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the top quark pole mass is determined using a template fit method.

Перейти: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58880-3

Дод.точки доступу:
Spannagel, Simon. \.\; SpringerLink (Online service)
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